Physiological features of the microbial association target for effective
etiotropic therapy (literature review) 

Aleksandr F. Shtakh, Candidate of medical sciences, associate professor, head of the sub-department of obstetrics and gynecology, Medical Institute, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), E-mail: alexstach@mail.ru
Natal’ya N. Mitrofanova, Senior lecturer of the sub-department of microbiology, epidemiology and infectious diseases, Medical Institute, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), E-mail: meidpgumi@yandex.ru
Evgeniya M. Boyarchenko, Student, Medical Institute, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), E-mail: boyarchenko.01@mail.ru 

The review analyzes data from 59 sources, of which 27 are the works of domestic scientists, 32 sources are presented in a foreign language. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of the physiology of biofilms: the presence of extracellular matrix (EPS), auto-inductors and Quorum Sensing from the standpoint of adaptive mechanisms to the aggressive environment of the body. In conclusion, there are practically no planktonic forms of microorganisms in the body – most exist as part of associations; the interaction of biofilm components is carried out through auto-inductors, which are transmitted through channels to EPS; the formation of biofilms at the gene level is controlled by Quorum Sensing, while 4 main types of QS are distinguished; the presence of biofilms causes the growth of antibioticresistant. It is recommended to further study the features of the interaction of microorganisms in biofilms with a view to the prospect of artificial creation of biofilms with specified biological properties by co-cultivation of antagonistic strains of microorganisms. 

biofilm, antibiotic resistance, Quorum Sensing, Quorum Sensing Inhibitors, autoinductors 

Shtakh A.F., Mitrofanova N.N., Boyarchenko E.M. Physiological features of the microbial association target for effective etiotropic therapy (literature review). Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Povolzhskiy region. Meditsinskie nauki = University proceedings. Volga region. Medical sciences. 2022;(4):125–143. (In Russ.). doi:10.21685/2072-3032-2022-4-12